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Category :
Database
Resources -> RDBMS Server
DB Version
:
Oracle 8i / 9i
OS Details :
Sun Solaris9
As
an oracle DBA, it is always helpful to be familiar with a few Unix
commands that allow you to monitor the four important aspects of the
hardware on which the database runs - IO, Memory, CPU / machine load
and network connectivity.
Included in this article are a
few useful Unix commands that will work on Solaris boxes and help you
identify any hardware bottlenecks.
(1) IO monitoring:
One of the best ways to monit IO
activity on the box is by using the iostat command. The command will
give you an idea of how busy the file systems are and is also helpful
in identifying file system hotspots.
iostat -xnxz 5
The above command will produce a
report with extended disk statistics in a tabular form and will
display filesystem names in descriptive format. It will also produce
the report every 5 seconds indefinitely unless cancelled by doing a
ctrl-c.
Need to pay special attention to
the values in the report under the %b column which tells you as to how
busy the filesystems are.
(2) Memory:
To get details on the total
memory available on the machine:
prtconf | grep -i "Memory
size"
To get details on total swap
space usage and availability:
swap -s
Monitor and report virtual memory
statistics and activity
vmstat 5 5
The above command will produce a
report every 5 seconds and will iterate 5 times.
(3) CPU usage and machine
load:
Report on CPU:
mpstat 5 5
The above command produces
processor statistics in tabular form.
Report on CPU and load
averages:
top is a freeware
utility that can be downloaded from
www.sunfreeware.com
and is a handy utility to produce useful information on the machine
load. Here's a sample output from top:
load averages: 1.45, 2.31,
7.39 10:10:10
158 processes: 157 sleeping, 1 on cpu
CPU states: 86.5% idle, 8.3% user, 3.9% kernel, 1.3% iowait, 0.0% swap
Memory: 8G real, 4G free, 2613M swap in use, 6G swap free
PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES
STATE TIME CPU COMMAND
1234 ora9i 11 59
0 1610M 1573M sleep 1:14
6.13% oracle
4567 ora9i 11 59
0 1592M 1554M sleep 0:06
0.55% oracle
(4) Network:
netstat -a
The above command with the -a
option shows the state of all sockets, all routing table entries, or
all interfaces, both physical and logical.
A few other commands that are
good to be aware of : sar, truss, df and nfsstat. |
